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Entrepreneurship: Meaning, Characteristics, Features, and Qualities Meaning of Entrepreneurship Entrepreneurship refers to the process of identifying, creating, and exploiting opportunities by organizing and managing resources to bring innovative products, services, or processes to market. It involves the act of starting and building a business or organization to achieve economic, social, or personal goals. Entrepreneurs take … Read more
Innovation and Entrepreneurship by Peter Drucker Peter F. Drucker, a pioneer in management theory, made significant contributions to the understanding of innovation and entrepreneurship. His 1985 book, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, remains a seminal work in this field, offering insights on how businesses and individuals can approach innovation as a systematic discipline and entrepreneurship as the … Read more
Ecological Approach in Public Administration The Ecological Approach in public administration focuses on how environmental factors (both physical and social) influence administrative processes and the functioning of government systems. This approach was developed by Fred W. Riggs, a prominent political scientist who argued that public administration cannot be separated from its environmental context. According to … Read more
The Ecological Approach developed by Fred W. Riggs is a framework for analyzing public administration and government systems, especially in developing countries. Riggs was a key figure in comparative public administration, and his ecological model draws parallels between the functioning of organizations and the surrounding environment, just as biological organisms interact with their ecosystems. He … Read more
Herbert Simon’s Rational Decision-Making Theory is a cornerstone in the study of organizational behavior and decision-making processes. Simon, a Nobel laureate in economics, challenged the classical models of decision-making that assumed perfect rationality and introduced the concept of bounded rationality, which acknowledges the limitations of human decision-making. His work has profoundly impacted the way organizations … Read more
The Human Relations Theory of Elton Mayo is a significant contribution to the field of management and organizational behavior, focusing on the social and psychological factors that affect worker productivity. Elton Mayo, an Australian psychologist, and his colleagues developed this theory in the 1920s and 1930s as a reaction against the rigid and mechanical views … Read more
Luther Gulick and Lyndall Urwick expanded on Henry Fayol’s work by developing their own Administrative Management Theory, particularly focusing on how organizations could be more effectively managed. Gulick and Urwick are best known for their concept of POSDCORB, an acronym that outlines the seven essential functions of management. Their work, which emphasized the scientific approach … Read more
Henry Fayol’s Administrative Management Theory is a foundational concept in the field of management. Developed in the early 20th century, Fayol’s work focused on the overall management of organizations, with an emphasis on the role of managers and their administrative responsibilities. His approach was one of the first to define management as a set of … Read more
Max Weber’s theory of the Ideal-Type Bureaucracy is a foundational concept in sociology and public administration. He introduced this model in the early 20th century as part of his broader work on authority and organizations. Weber’s model of bureaucracy outlines an idealized version of how large, complex organizations should be structured and operate to ensure … Read more
