Rise of Fascism and Nazism: Causes, Characteristics, and Consequences The rise of fascism in Italy and Nazism in Germany during the early 20th century had profound impacts on global politics, ultimately leading to World War II and the reshaping of Europe. Both ideologies were rooted in extreme nationalism, authoritarianism, and the rejection of democratic and … Read more
Bolshevik Revolution (1917): Meaning, Causes, Consequences, and Significance The Bolshevik Revolution refers to the second phase of the Russian Revolution in 1917, during which the Bolshevik Party, led by Vladimir Lenin, overthrew the Provisional Government and established a communist regime in Russia. It marked the beginning of the world’s first socialist state and had profound … Read more
World War II Overview (1939–1945) World War II was the largest and most destructive conflict in human history, involving more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. It spanned continents, with significant battles in Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Pacific. The war fundamentally altered the global political, social, and economic landscape, leading to the … Read more
World War I Overview (1914–1918) World War I, often called “The Great War,” was a global conflict primarily centered in Europe, but its effects reached worldwide. It began on July 28, 1914, and lasted until November 11, 1918. This war marked one of the deadliest conflicts in history, with around 16 million deaths and widespread … Read more
Perspectives of the Global South in International Relations The Global South refers to the regions of Latin America, Africa, Asia, and Oceania, which are generally characterized by developing or underdeveloped economies and have historically been subjected to colonialism, imperialism, and economic exploitation by the wealthier nations of the Global North (primarily Europe, North America, and … Read more
Definition of Eurocentrism Eurocentrism is an intellectual and cultural perspective that centers Europe and Western civilization as the primary reference point for interpreting world history, culture, and knowledge. It is the tendency to view the world from a European or Western perspective, often portraying European culture, values, and experiences as superior to those of other … Read more
Marxian Approach in International Relations The Marxian approach to international relations is a critical theoretical framework that focuses on the role of economic structures, particularly capitalism, in shaping global politics. Rooted in the ideas of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, this approach argues that the global capitalist system fundamentally drives the interactions between states, international … Read more
Meaning of the Marxian Approach in International Relations The Marxian approach to international relations (IR) is rooted in the ideas of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, who developed a critique of capitalism and its effects on society. In the context of international relations, Marxian theory emphasizes the role of economic structures, particularly capitalism, in shaping … Read more
Feminist Perspective in International Relations The feminist perspective in international relations (IR) challenges traditional IR theories like realism and liberalism by highlighting the gendered nature of global politics. Feminist scholars argue that mainstream IR theories have historically ignored the role of women and gender dynamics, focusing instead on male-dominated concepts such as power, war, and … Read more
Meaning of Classical Realism in International Relations Classical realism is one of the oldest theories in international relations and focuses on the inherent flaws of human nature as the driving force behind the conflict and competition in the international system. Classical realists believe that the desire for power, domination, and self-interest stems from human nature, … Read more
