Islamic traditions in India encompass a wide range of religious, cultural, social, and political practices that have developed over centuries. The introduction of Islam to the Indian subcontinent began as early as the 7th century through trade, but it significantly expanded with the establishment of various Islamic empires and dynasties. The impact of Islam in … Read more
The Sramaṇic Traditions in India refer to a range of heterodox philosophical and religious movements that emerged as a response to and in critique of the orthodox Vedic Brahmanic traditions. The term “Sramaṇa” itself means “one who labors, toils, or exerts themselves,” and is often associated with ascetics, renunciants, and those seeking liberation (moksha) through … Read more
Brahmanic culture, rooted in the traditions and practices of Brahminism, has had a profound and enduring impact on the cultural, social, religious, and intellectual landscape of India. Its importance can be understood through various dimensions : Brahminism, also known as Brahmanism, is a term used to describe the ancient religious and social practices of the … Read more
The Brahmanic tradition of pre-colonial Indian political thought is deeply rooted in the ancient texts and philosophical doctrines that have significantly influenced the governance, social structure, and ethical frameworks of Indian society. This tradition encompasses a range of ideas about kingship, law, duty, and statecraft, as articulated in key texts such as the Vedas, Dharmashastras, … Read more
The Fundamental Duties of Indian citizens are outlined in Part IVA of the Indian Constitution under Article 51A. These duties were added by the 42nd Amendment in 1976 and are inspired by the Constitution of the Soviet Union. Although they are not enforceable by law, they serve as moral obligations for every citizen. Here are … Read more
The Constitution of India, which came into effect on January 26, 1950, enshrines a comprehensive set of fundamental rights guaranteed to all citizens. These rights are primarily outlined in Part III of the Constitution. Here are the key fundamental rights: 1. Right to Equality (Articles 14-18) 2. Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22) 3. Right against … Read more
The Constitution of South Africa, adopted in 1996, is the supreme law of the country and is considered one of the most progressive constitutions in the world. The Constitution of South Africa is renowned for its comprehensive and progressive nature. It was adopted on December 4, 1996, and came into effect on February 4, 1997.
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is a landmark document adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on December 10, 1948. It sets out fundamental human rights to be universally protected and is considered a milestone in the history of human rights. The Declaration was drafted by representatives with different legal and cultural backgrounds … Read more
The concept of “three generations of human rights” categorizes human rights into three broad groups, reflecting the historical development of these rights and the focus of international human rights law over time. These generations are sometimes referred to as civil-political, socio-economic, and collective-developmental rights. First Generation: Civil and Political Rights Civil and political rights are … Read more
Human rights are the basic rights and freedoms that belong to every person in the world, from birth until death. These rights are based on shared values like dignity, fairness, equality, respect, and independence. They are often set out in law, in international human rights treaties, national constitutions, and other laws. Human rights are the … Read more
